Is it possible to make UV desgin Specific ??

Possible from Siemens !!

Warrendale, PA -- Five Siemens ultraviolet (UV) disinfection plants came into operation in May in the Echthausen Water Works belonging to Wasserwerke Westfalen GmbH, Germany. They have considerably reduced the amount of chemicals used by the drinking water supplier. This process also eliminates microorganisms which cannot always be adequately controlled by other disinfection processes. These new UV plants are part of Wasserwerke Westfalen's extensive investment project to further improve the quality of its drinking water.

Echthausen Water Works supplies 20 communities with some 20 million cubic meters of drinking water. Wasserwerke Westfalen GmbH is a subsidiary company of both Dortmunder Energie- und Wasserversorgung GmbH and Gelsenwasser AG, and is the largest producer of drinking water in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Ingo Becker, managing director of Wasserwerke Westfalen GmbH, said that all water works would need to install additional treatment stages in the next few years in order to meet future drinking water quality requirements, and that most of these stages would involve physical processes. This would involve an investment of approximately 20 million Euros at each location.

Five Barrier M 3800 type UV plants have been installed in Echthausen. They have replaced the previous chlorine dioxide stage, and complete the water treatment. Rob van Esch, the Siemens project manager, explained, “UV plants are often more effective than other disinfection processes, particularly against spore forming microorganisms which can encapsulate.” In addition to that, the taste of the drinking water remains unchanged, and the operational handling of chemicals is eliminated.

The UV plants are operated in parallel, and have an average of 2,200 and a maximum throughput of 4,000 cubic meters of water per hour. Each plant can be separately controlled to match requirements. The continuously variable control of the intensity of irradiation delivers exactly the required “dose”. Electronic control gear ensures high efficiency: combining the safest possible disinfection with energy-saving operation.

The Simatic PCS7 process control system is used to control the plants. This enables the UV disinfection stage to be seamlessly integrated into Wasserwerke Westfalen's overall control concept, which is also based on PCS7. The peripheral equipment is connected by ET200 signal modules and communications via Profibus are also integrated. The UV plants can be operated either with the WinCC HMI system from the local Echthausen works control center or from the control center in Hengsen.

The main reasons for winning the order were the integrated control concept, and Siemens's ability to offer both the design engineering and the construction of the plant.

Market Hits $484 billion by 2010.

Northfield, IL — The market for water and wastewater treatment and flow control under a broad definition will grow to $484 billion worldwide in 2010. This is the current forecast appearing in "Water, Wastewater and Filtration: World Markets" published by the McIlvaine Company.

This definition while broad is not even the broadest. Companies such as SPX have pursued water treatment as a supplement to water cooling. So their market is even broader. Irrigation and flood control are additional water-related markets which are not included in the above definition. In the broadest sense, the water treatment and flow control market is close to 1% of the world GDP. In 2010, when world GDP is $74 trillion, the water market will be $740 billion.

The market for water and wastewater equipment and services including chemicals, filtration, biological treatment, and flow control will reach $348 billion in 2010. However, $165 billion will be unavailable to outside suppliers and represents services and operations not outsourced by end users.

On the other hand, the companies which supply these markets such as GE and ITT sell these products to the process markets and will generate $136 billion in revenue in 2010 in additional process sales. Therefore the total water market available to outside suppliers will be $319 billion in 2010.

Segmental Market:-

1. Water/wastewater core market - 183 $ Billions
2. Additional unavailable market - 165$ Billions
3. Related markets for same products 136$ Billions
4. Indirect markets     256$ Billions
5. Additional revenue not included in $484 billion cited in the study

Total 740$ Billions

There is more money spent on valves for oil and gas, refineries and other process operations than there is on water and wastewater applications. There is slightly more money spent for pumps used in water and wastewater than in other applications. Many cartridge filters are used in non-water applications from blood purification to hydraulic fluids. 

Whereas water and wastewater applications will generate revenues of $23 billion for the treatment chemicals industry in 2010, paper making chemicals will generate $35 billion in revenues for many of these same companies.

In general, the water and wastewater market is growing faster than the process markets with the exception of biotechnology. The membrane filtration market which will generate revenues of $8 billion for water and wastewater treatment in 2010 is growing at more than 7% per year.

Repair parts represent 23% of the entire market. Most of the repair part business will be in developed countries which have a large inventory of treatment systems. By contrast the majority of the new equipment sales will be in developing countries including China.

Veolia - Back OFF

Samsung Engineering of Korea looks set for a breakthrough in the Gulf desalination market. It is part of the EPC (engineering, procurement and construction) consortium which has come in as low bidder for the 1,025,000m3/d Ras Azzour desalination plant in Saudi Arabia. The consortium consists of ACWA Power and Sasakura (offering multi-effect distillation technology), with Samsung taking the EPC wrap, working with Degrémont as the reverse osmosis technology supplier for the MED-RO hybrid plant. It is reminiscent of the way Doosan broke into the RO desal market by using Degrémont as technology supplier for the first Fujairah RO plant.

The Ras Azzour tender is also a major victory for ACWA Power-Sasakura, which is a joint venture between Saudi-based developer ACWA Power, Itochu Corp., and Sasakura Engineering of Japan. Sasakura has built a number of medium-sized MED plants in the Gulf – the largest being 18,000m3/d – but the joint venture not only managed to prequalify for Ras Azzour, but out-bid Veolia Sidem, which previously enjoyed a near monopoly on large-scale MED projects.

ppm as CaCo3

Why ppm as CaCo3 ?

In any water sample - the concentration of minerals/impurities/cation/anions shall analysed in terms on mg/l(ppm - Parts per million). But in order make this values used in calculations for process design and selection. A common unit is is required. There comes the ppm as CaCo3.

Why CaCo3 ?

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) with a molecular weight of 100 and an equivalent weight of 50 has been chosen as the reference molecule to represent all the ionic impurities present in water.When the meq/1 of a constituent is multiplied by its equivalent weight,the mg/1 or ppm concentration of the substance is obtained.When the meq/1 of a constituent is multiplied by 50 – the equivalent weight of CaCO3 – the mg/1 or ppm concentration of the substance in terms of CaCO3 is obtained.The ppm CaCO3, like the meq/1, then becomes the common unit of concentration of the constituents of water. This enables comparison of the relative values as also to validate the arithmetical operations of addition and subtraction.

To convert mg/1 of any element to ppm CaCO3 use the following relationship.

ppm CaCO3	=	mg/1 of element	x 50
		equivalent weight of element

Sources of water

The sources of natural water are Groundwater, surface water and Sea water

Ground water:-
Groundwater may be free as when directly fed through seepage from run off.Ground water may be confined. In this case it is separated from the soil surface by an impervious stratum.
Characteristics:-
The geological nature of the terrain determines the chemical composition of the held water. Water is constantly in contact with the ground in which it stagnates or circulates; an equilibrium develops between the composition of the soil and that of the water. Water which circulates in limestone contains bicarbonate alkalinity. Water that circulates in a sandy or granitic substratum has few minerals and isacidic.
The water is characterized by a weak turbidity, a constant temperature and chemical composition and a near absence of oxygen. It is often very pure microbiologically.
Potability:-
Groundwater may contain elements in concentrations that greatly exceed the standards for drinking water. Notable are iron, manganese, hydrogen sulphide and fluoride.A confined aquifer is less susceptible to accidental pollution than a free aquifer fed by the entire ground surface lying above it.Groundwater must be treated before distribution, whenever the concentration of one or several elements exceeds the limits authorised by regulations.

Surface Water:- 
This refers to all water on the surface of the ground both flowing and stored.t originates either from deep lying groundwater which feeds streams and rivers or from run-off. It can be found stored naturally as in lakes or artificially in storage reservoirs.
Characteristics:-
The chemical composition of surface water depends on the type of terrain the water has passed through before flowing into the drainage area water dissolves various components of the soil along its course. The exchange between water and air at the surface causes gases(oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide) to dissolve in water.
Surface water is characterised by
• Presence of dissolved gases especially oxygen.
• Heavy concentration of suspended solids atleast in flowing water. In stored water, the large solids settle naturally and the remaining turbidity is, therefore colloidal.
• Presence of natural organic matter resulting from the decomposition of vegetable or animal organism living at the surface of the drainage area or in the river.
• Present of plankton.
• Daily and seasonal fluctuations of temperature, oxygen, iron, manganese, permanganate value, planston.
Potability:- 
Untreated surface water is rarely potable. Besides the contaminants mentioned above, it is usually polluted with bacteria. There may be also pollution from municiple wate water discharge, industrial effluents both organic and inorganic are fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides carried by rainwater and run-off

Sea Water:-                                                                                                                                         After utilising ground water and surface water, man has a third option of natural water in the oceans and seas flowing on the surface of the earth.
Characteristics:-
Sea water is characterised by a strong salinity that varies dependant on source. The salinity ranges from as low as 17 g/1 in the Baltic Sea to as high as 270 g/1 in the Dead Sea. The salinity in some of the other sources is as follows:

Source	Salinity g/l
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans	32 – 35
Mediterranean Sea	38 – 40
Red Sea	43 – 45

The physical characteristics of sea water that are important are suspended solids, turbidity, silt density index. These vary depending on location.Offshore, the suspended solids consist mainly of zooplankton and phytoplankton. Near the shore and near densely populated regions, pollution from municipal and industrial waste water can become excessive. The suspended solids level increase considerably.
For a typical chemical composition of sea water see below

Component	Unit	Value
pH		8.2 – 8.3
P Alkalinity	ppm CaCO3	0
M Alkalinity	ppm CaCO3	150
Equivalent Mineral Acidity	ppm CaCO3	30,850
Total Hardness	ppm CaCO3	6500
Carbonate Hardness	ppm CaCO3	150
Permanent Hardness	ppm CaCO3	6350
Calcium	ppm CaCO3	1100
Magnesium	ppm CaCO3	5400
Sodium	ppm CaCO3	24500

Ionic constituents of sea water.

Cations	Mg/1	Meq/1	Anions	Mg/1	Meq/1
Calcium	440	22	Bicarbonate	183	3
Magnesium	1315	108	Chloride	19880	560
Sodium	11040	480	Sulphate	2740	57
Potassium	390	10	Bromide	68	0.9
Strontium	1.3	0.3
Total Cations	13186.3	620.3	Total Anions	22871	620.9
TOTAL SALINITY 36.4 g/1

Potability                                                                                                                                    Sea water is not potable and must be treated to bring the constituents within the limits specified by local regulations.

 

PREFACE

In this blog, Let’s analyze and discuss the water treatment industry. The topics will be posted are as follows,

1. Water Treatment Market potential and the emerging markets.
2. Process design principles.
3.  Technologies as of now and henceforth.
4. Engineering principles and optimization.
5. Project management.
6. RISK ANALYSIS
7. Documentation Management.
8. Supply Chain Management.
9. Execution at site (may be ur home if its a domestic product).
10. Commercial knowledge for complete executions.
11. Legals – towards effective operation in project management.
12. HR requirement for effective business.
13. EXIM principles.
14. Accounting knowledge in finding the correct opportunity in business.
15. Communication – The vital role( Come-You-Nication)

Other than this , the day to day employee’s exposure to the field which makes him more stronger in any form of effective deliverable will be discussed in plain and formal English.


How do I get this knowledge?

I was an employee of Indian Water Treatment Company for the past 2 years. The path I came across was very interesting and challenging. The company I was in was very aggressive towards market with its exceptional executions strategy. The problem we have faced was only doing business with the Indian market else the company would have been highlighted elsewhere.
In this blog we will discuss about the problems and opportunities of doing business in Indian market. (in this blog kindly note where ever I mention business is typically relates with Water Treatment business and no other options has to be concluded)

AM I ELIGIBLE TO WRITE THIS :-

Does Edison is eligible for inventing Electrical bulb ?
In my case too, its almost same. In many occasions I have asked for my experience. I would strictly say to those people if you didn’t analyze or put your 6th sense in place, even your 40 yrs experience will go nomad.
Whereas, if you analyze, experiment, think, compare….and LOVE the work you do..A single day is enough to make all the glory.. and also the HUNGER toward the knowledge with respect to the field will provoke a outspoken personality in you with respect to the field.
Lets go, I won’t waste your time in reading preface…Lets jump in cognitive discussion.

Note :

The above said 15 topics and other discussion will be posted randomly. The idea behind this to make the reader have wide spread of knowledge and effective participation in all the blogs.
Once the blog page is ranked, I will try installing more advanced search engine in the blog. This helps experts. I don’t like them personally, as they won’t bother about others arenas of business and thereby reducing their own exposures.